Recently, I was working on a game with Cocos2d and keep getting this weird iOS version problem. On iOS 5, all my labels were shown as expected but on iOS 4 labels somehow kept disappearing. First I thought this is because of the retina display and point/pixels stuff. However, it was because of the fonts I was using. HelveticaNeue-CondensedBold and HelveticaNeue-CondensedBlack are available on iOS 5, but not on iOS 4 (http://iosfonts.com/).

I googled to see how easy to add custom fonts and it turned out, it is super easy.

These are the links I found helpful:

• Adding custom fonts by Dave Allanson (link)
• Using Custom Fonts by M. Arsalan Anwar (link)

If you get the fonts from Adobe, we will get a drawing problem like mentioned here. You need to follow the steps here, change the font file’s ascender property. Don’t worry it is not that scary as it seems Don’t forget to install Apple Font Tool Suite from here.

Following is a very simple view based project, that will demonstrate animating view with keyboard slide up/down.
But first, let’s see the problem. If you don’t change your view positioning when the keyboard becomes visible, basically you are likely to get something like this:

To fix that, what should be done is to listen the keyboard slide up/down notifications through the NSNotificationCenter, which viewWillAppear is a good place to start listening these two notifications.

-(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(slideUpView:) name:UIKeyboardWillShowNotification object:nil];
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(slideDownView:) name:UIKeyboardWillHideNotification object:nil];
}

Second step is to change the positioning of the components according to the animation of the keyboard. The following methods are called when there is a notification from the keyboard:

-(void)slideDownView:(NSNotification*)notification
{
	[[[notification userInfo] objectForKey:UIKeyboardAnimationCurveUserInfoKey] getValue:&animationCurve];
    [[[notification userInfo] objectForKey:UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey] getValue:&animationDuration];
    [[[notification userInfo] objectForKey:UIKeyboardBoundsUserInfoKey] getValue:&keyboardFrame];

	[UIView animateWithDuration:animationDuration
				delay:0.0
				options:animationCurve
				animations:^{
					self.view.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 480);
				}
				completion:^(BOOL finished){
					NSLog(@"Slide down Done..!");
				}];
}

-(void)slideUpView:(NSNotification*)notification
{
    [[[notification userInfo] objectForKey:UIKeyboardAnimationCurveUserInfoKey] getValue:&animationCurve];
    [[[notification userInfo] objectForKey:UIKeyboardAnimationDurationUserInfoKey] getValue:&animationDuration];
    [[[notification userInfo] objectForKey:UIKeyboardBoundsUserInfoKey] getValue:&keyboardFrame];
	//
	[UIView animateWithDuration:animationDuration
				delay:0.0
				options:animationCurve
				animations:^{
					self.view.frame = CGRectMake(0, -keyboardFrame.size.height + 70, 320, 416);
				}
				completion:^(BOOL finished){
					NSLog(@"Slide up Done..!");
				}];
}

Don’t forget to add .h file the following declarations:

// in controller's .h file
NSTimeInterval animationDuration;
UIViewAnimationCurve animationCurve;
CGRect keyboardFrame;

The final result is something like this

note 1: Feel free to download the source code (link). It also includes the slide down via the button.
note 2: The licence to this peace of code is Beerware, In short, “Should the user of the product meet the author and consider the software useful, he is encouraged to buy the author a beer ‘in return’ (or, in some variations, drink a beer in the author’s honor).”

After this short happy talk, here is the code snippet that saves your UIImage to the Documents folder with its alpha channel, if there is one. The other method is for reading that image back to an UIImage instance.

-(void)saveImageToDocs:(NSString *)fileName
{
	NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
	NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
	NSString *filePath2 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@.png", documentsDirectory, fileName];

	// If you use this method, the transparency will be lost
	//NSData* imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(drawImage.image, 1.0);
	//NSData* imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(drawImage.image);
	//[imageData writeToFile:filePath2 atomically:NO];

	// So use this one
	[UIImagePNGRepresentation(myUIImage) writeToFile:filePath2 atomically:YES];
}

-(void)loadImageFromDocs:(NSString *)fileName
{
	NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
	NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
	NSString *filePath2 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@.png", documentsDirectory, fileName];
	if([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:filePath2])
	{
		NSLog(@"image file exists");
		myUIImage = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile: filePath2];
	}
}

Below you can find the summary of available alternatives for storing data on iOS based machines. Mainly, which one to use depends on your needs like size of data, need of concurrency, access speed, etc.

• NSUserDefaults
  • Based on plists
  • Store lightweight app state
  • Tutorial (link)
• Plist — Writing everything out as a plist
  • Not suitable for complex model objects
  • Faster than NSUserDefaults
  • How to load a plist (link)
  • Write & Read data to .plist (link)
• Archived Objects
  • Conteptual guide (link)
  • Archives provide a means to convert objects and values into an architecture-independent stream of bytes that preserves the identity of and the relationships between the objects and values.
  • Serialization converts Objective-C types to and from an architecture-independent byte stream. In contrast to archiving, basic serialization does not record the data type of the values nor the relationships between them; only the values themselves are recorded. Arbitrary objects cannot be serialized. Only instances of NSArray, NSDictionary, NSString, NSDate, NSNumber, and NSData (and some of their subclasses) can be serialized. (link)
  • Forum post about how to use archiver (link)
• The joy of SQLite
  • Basically a local file act like a database server
  • Not very good for extreme concurrent access
  • A step by step tutorial (link)
• Core Data
  • Higher abstraction layer than SQLite
  • Save&load model objects
  • ORM (Rails ActiveRecord, Java Hibernate)
  • Use NSPredicate for in memory filtering
  • Apple Dev Center Article (link)
• Web Services
  • Store & access remote data
  • XML and Json parsers

ps. Related Stackoverflow entry

In UIDevice class , you see the following orientations:

typedef enum
{
    UIDeviceOrientationUnknown,
    UIDeviceOrientationPortrait,            // Device oriented vertically, home button on the bottom
    UIDeviceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown,  // Device oriented vertically, home button on the top
    UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeLeft,       // Device oriented horizontally, home button on the right
    UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeRight,      // Device oriented horizontally, home button on the left
    UIDeviceOrientationFaceUp,              // Device oriented flat, face up
    UIDeviceOrientationFaceDown             // Device oriented flat, face down
} UIDeviceOrientation;

But for a view controller’s parent, there are only four

self.parentViewController.interfaceOrientation only has

typedef enum
{
    UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait           = UIDeviceOrientationPortrait,
    UIInterfaceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown = UIDeviceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown,
    UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeLeft      = UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeRight,
    UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeRight     = UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeLeft
} UIInterfaceOrientation;

So the problem arises when you try to layout according to

  [UIDevice currentDevice].orientation

When the device orientation is UIDeviceOrientationFaceUp or UIDeviceOrientationFaceDown, you get 3 orientation changed calls. One is the up and down, than a landscape, than again up or down.

This is, to be honest, completely broken. It is clear that, since the status bar can be located to four locations on the screen, there should be 4 device orientations, not 6. The FaceUp and FaceDown should be a different property I guess (gravityOrientation or sth like that)

ps. Some links that can help if you have issues with this up&down thing

• Handling UIDeviceOrientationFaceUp & UIDeviceOrientationFaceDown
• http://www.cocos2d-iphone.org/forum/topic/6413
• http://www.iphonedevsdk.com/forum/iphone-sdk-development/45799-ipad-device-orientation-face-up.html

• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1143589/what-is-the-pastrykit-framework
• http://daringfireball.net/2009/12/pastrykit
• http://ajaxian.com/archives/pastrykit-an-iphone-webdev-library-from-apple

Sencha Touch — you should definitely see their kitchen sink, it is pretty cool.but there is no commercial license yet.

• http://ajaxian.com/archives/sencha-touch
• http://mobile.tutsplus.com/articles/news/sencha-touch-html5-mobile-framework/
• http://www.endofnative.com/

iUi — not that many people using it I guess. I build a site with it, if it is sth fast and easy to learn, iUi can do the job.

• Sites build with iUi — http://code.google.com/p/iui/wiki/PoweredBy

jqtouch — demos seem very nice, probably better than iUi in terms of current release capabilities and size of community.

iWebkit — demo seems promising, but not ready for prime time.

SproutCore — not for iPhone specificly, but its demo seems nice.

So my choice for the next task is jqtouch. not iui this time.

After 3 nights the application was ready for the submission. It got rejected since I didn’t read the iPad User guidelines carefully (actually I just skimmed it in 5 minutes). The rejection reason is “You can’t show more than one popover at the same time”. I fixed the problem, and it is available in the app store (App Store link)

I will probably change the default RSS feed of Hackernews which only show top 30 posts. Probably something on GAE, and maybe a simple my favorites kind of thing.

-(void)showLoadingView
{
	CGRect transparentViewFrame = CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0,320.0,480.0);
	transparentView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:transparentViewFrame];
	transparentView.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
	transparentView.alpha = 0.9;

	UIActivityIndicatorView *spinner = [[UIActivityIndicatorView alloc] initWithActivityIndicatorStyle:UIActivityIndicatorViewStyleWhiteLarge];
	spinner.center = transparentView.center;
	[spinner startAnimating];

	UILabel *messageLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 280, 320, 30)];
	messageLabel.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;
	messageLabel.text = @"please wait...";

	[transparentView addSubview:spinner];
	[transparentView addSubview:messageLabel];

	[self.view addSubview:transparentView];

	[messageLabel release];
	[spinner release];
	[transparentView release];
}

Now, you should call this function whenever needed. Let’s say you have a background process that will run while the transparent loading view is shown, below is the code to handle this situation:

-(void)myAction:(id)sender
{
	[self showLoadingView];

	[self performSelectorInBackground:@selector(myActionBackground:) withObject:sender];
}

-(void)myActionBackground:(id)sender
{
        NSAutoreleasePool *apool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
	//your code
        [apool release];
}

Memcache provides convenience to store a frequent query in memory, so that you don’t have to make the same execution over and over again. For the iPhone application I build (Fragman), I build a GAE/J backend for managing movie names, IMDB URLs, thumb images, video files, etc. It interacts with the Obj-c code via calls encoded in JSON.

Since the categories are updated so frequently (new trailer, top 250 , soap opera trailers), every time the user starts the application from her iPhone, the corresponding categories Id(key) lists are  created which includes all the aspects mentioned above,

what I see, after people start to use the application that, most of the time, the application got stuck with the time constraint of GAE and this causes inconvenience, so I decided to hold the category lists’s JSON in memory. Following is the code ,

this is the servlet for creating the JSON which is called after say upcoming movie list is changed. This servlet updates the memcached list

        List keyList = new ArrayList();
	static Cache cache;
	static
	{
		try
		{
			CacheFactory cacheFactory =

CacheManager.getInstance().getCacheFactory();
			cache = cacheFactory.createCache(

Collections.emptyMap());
		}
		catch (CacheException e)
		{
			// ...
		}
		//.....
                public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,

HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException

	        {
                       //................
                       if(cache.containsKey(mode))
		       {
			     cache.remove(mode);
		       }
		       cache.put(mode, keyList);
	        }

                //........

          }

And this is the servlet that fetch the Fragman beans from the datastore with the given keys (key list is got from the memecached list)

          keyList = (List)cache.get(mode);

By doing this, I reduce the time that the servlet that creates the JSON takes.

2. In XCode open the info page and change Code Signing Identy to Don’t Code Sign.

3. In the terminal, set the environment variable  CODESIGN_ALLOCATE  as follows: (or you will get an error like this util/ldid.cpp(567): _assert(0:arch != NULL))
export CODESIGN_ALLOCATE=/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/usr/bin/codesign_allocate

4. Open Fugu and connect to your iphone (you can download FUGU from here)(you can find the IP address your iphone from Settings->Wi-fi->ConnectedWirelessName) (Username should be root and password should be alpine OR dottie) (open your iphone and don’t let it pass to stand-by mode during these phases)

5. Go to root directory and from here go to Applications directory

6. In XCode, build your application, from Products folder, select Reveal in Finder

7. Upload the .app file to the Applications folder in your iPhone

8. Open a Terminal and connect to your iphone with ssh like (be  careful that iphone is not in stand-by mode)

root@192.168.1.5 and enter your password

9. First change the binary file permission of your application

chmod 755 /Applications/Appname.app/Appname

10. Then sign the app file with ldid

ldid -S /Applications/Appname.app/Appname

11. Restart the iphone, you are good to go

Note:
1. If ldid command can not be found, type apt-get install ldid OR aptitude install ldid
2. If apt-get can not be found install aptitude from Cydia

3.There are very useful pages on the net, so just google xcode and cydia, here is one of them http://thebigboss.org/hosting-repository/submit-your-app/compile-for-cydia-submission/

4. If you get an error like util/ldid.cpp(567): _assert(0:arch != NULL), there can be two possible reason for this, you either forget to export CODESIGN_ALLOCATE. The other possibility is that you build the application for the simulator. To fix this,  from XCOde change it to Device – 3.0  or sth similar . You should see it on the combo box top left top corner of XCode.